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The cost of block cave mining is about 1/10 of the correspondent cost of conventional methods. The production rates can reach 30,000 to 100,000 tons per day. Moreover, drilling and blasting costs are far less, and there are no backfilling costs. Another benefit of block caving is the large reduction in surface waste disposal needs.
Block cave mining allows very little freedom in change once the layout in complete or virtually once the design has ... Reference will be made to detail and figures and plates in the ''Block Caving Manual'' by showing the chapter number and the page in that chapter, (Ch5, ... mass that production programs can be adjusted, before major ...
Jun 01, 2019· The business case to continue with the mining of the Chuquicamata orebody is to change from the current large open pit to a novel macroblock variant block caving geometry. This requires a production rate of 140,000 t/d (50 Mt per annum), with a continuous material handling system to achieve the 7year rampup to full production.
Production scheduling is one of the most important steps in the blockcaving design process. Optimum production scheduling could add significant value to a mining project.
Cave mining is typically used to mine copper, coppergold, iron and molybdenum. It can also be used in the extraction of kimberlite and lamprolite in the mining of diamonds. Block Cave Mining and Panel Caving Mining Techniques. The most commonly used cave mining technique is block caving. Block caving is a largescale mining method that is ...
May 09, 2016· The technology changes in the unit operations are described and the drivers for these changes :Weston, A J, 2016. The evolution of block caving technology, in Proceedings Seventh International Conference and Exhibition on Mass Mining (MassMin 2016), pp 265–274 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).
Block caving mines require large horizontal extents that automatically cave when the orebody is undercut. Large vertical extents, ranging from 60180m, justify the use of level developments. Grades should also be uniform. In order for the rock mass to break, there must be at least one horizontal and two vertical joint sets.
Accounting For MicroDefects In Rock Mass Rating. In 2001, Laubscher''s Mining Rock Mass Rating (MRMR) classification system (Laubscher and Jakubec, 2001) introduced the rock block strength concept to account for scale effects and the influence of closed defects on intact rock strength (IRS).
Block caving is generally a large‐scale production technique applicable to low‐grade, massive orebodies and the least expensive of all underground mining methods, and can in .
Block caving is an underground hard rock mining method that involves undermining an ore body, allowing it to progressively collapse under its own weight. It is the underground version of open pit mining. In block caving, a large section of rock is undercut, creating an artificial cavern that fills with its own rubble as it collapses.
Jun 15, 2018· Sublevel caving is a method often evaluated in parallel with block and/or panel caving options. It requires multiple levels of development and ongoing ring blasting for production. Sublevel caving allows for a more selective extraction but typically achieves lower production rates than block and panel caving methods.
It is the underground version of open pit mining. In block caving, a large section of rock is undercut, creating an artificial cavern that fills with its own rubble as it collapse. This broken ore falls into a preconstructed series of funnels and access tunnels underneath the broken ore mass.
Jul 25, 2018· Block caving is an underground hard rock mining method that involves undermining an ore body, allowing it to progressively collapse under its own weight. It is the underground version of open pit mining. In block caving, a large section of rock is undercut, creating an artificial cavern that fills with its own rubble as it collapses.
Nov 29, 2013· This paper supplements a keynote address prepared for the 2010 Second International Symposium on Block and Sublevel Caving. The author gauges the cave mining industry''s position (practice and theory) since the publication of what he considers a seminal paper on ''Cave mining – state of the art'', hence ''16 years after''.
May 09, 2016· The technology changes in the unit operations are described and the drivers for these changes :Weston, A J, 2016. The evolution of block caving technology, in Proceedings Seventh International Conference and Exhibition on Mass Mining (MassMin 2016), pp 265–274 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).
The cost of block cave mining is about 1/10 of the correspondent cost of conventional methods. The production rates can reach 30,000 to 100,000 tons per day. Moreover, drilling and blasting costs are far less, and there are no backfilling costs. Another benefit of block caving is the large reduction in surface waste disposal needs.
Underground mass mining methods present several geotechnical challenges and risks inherent with block cave mining environments. Underground mining methods such as block, panel, and sublevel caving continue to be the primary choice for deeply situated massive orebodies, due to the high production rates and low operating costs involved.
production rate of these methods, make them costeffective . The Block Caving method is an example of these methods, which is similar to surface mining methods in terms of production, in that the cost of production is low. Block caving is described by Laubscher (1994) as the lowest cost underground mining
As caving progresses, variations in ore hardness and fragmentation size can reveal bottlenecks in circuits designed for "average" conditions. To handle feed property variations, a flexible process flowsheet should be matched with an unselective mass mining method like block caving.
48 BLOCK CAVING block caving comes down to two factors – less access to large orebodies near the surface and an improvement in the knowledge of caving mining methods. "It is becoming increasingly difficult to find large, nearsurface orebodies that are suitable for open pit mining methods which will also yield high production rates
May 09, 2016· Investigation into the implementation of sensorbased ore sorting systems at a block caving operation, in Proceedings Seventh International Conference and Exhibition on Mass Mining (MassMin 2016), pp 393–400 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne).
Block caving is a largescale underground mining method applicable to the extraction of lowgrade, massive ore bodies. With the amount of literature available on block caving this report identifies the need to provide a simple understanding of the process.
In the meantime, FCX converted its DOZ orebody, which it began mining in 1989 using open stoping, to block caving in 2000, with production expected to continue until 2019. With an output of 49,400 mt/d during 2013, ramping up to 80,000 mt/d this year, the DOZ is now one of the world''s highestcapacity underground metal mines.
Jul 10, 2018· Block cave mining is an underground mass mining method that allows for the bulk extraction of large, relatively lower grade, ore deposits with substantial vertical dimension. In block caving, a large section of ore is initially undercut by drilling and blasting, creating a large unsupported roof that will start to collapse under its own weight ...
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